摘    要
舞台机械是为了使表演的效果更加柔美，从而引领观众进入更深的艺术境界而使用的各类机械结构的总称。而舞台防火幕是当舞台发生火灾时，在无电的情况下自己下落，即在发生火灾的情况下能及时快速的放下防火幕，又不能因为下降的冲击力过大而对舞台造成冲击，甚至是对舞台造成破坏。本次设计在参考近年来舞台防火幕提升及下降阻尼装置的开发与设计基础上，通过查阅大量文献，并结合各个机构自身的的特点，对各个机构进行具体分析，提出了整体结构以及各个执行部件结构的设计方案。
提升及阻尼系统是防火幕的重中之重。其作用是常规下电动将幕体提升至台口以上，使用时在无电状态下快速自动下降到舞台面。由于幕体自由下降惯性极大，降落过程中要分级减速，既能保证在最短时间内隔离到位又不至于撞击台面。根据给定的相关参数进行设计计算，算出准确的下降时间，加速度，速度等，并且根据压力等液压参数选择材料、零件型号。
本文的特点是将机械的上升下降速度和液压阻尼系统有效的结合起来，通过活塞在液压缸内的运动速度调节幕体的速度，而活塞的运动速度又靠连在接液压缸上的节流阀所控制，很好的把机械结构和液压系统相连接。在机械方面，主要通过设计任务给定的幕体的宏观速度进行设计计算，从而选定各部分的参数及部件的型号。在液压方面主要通过控制活塞杆的运动来控制幕体的下降速度，而活塞的运动速度是靠油液经过阻尼小孔的流量来进行控制的。
 
关键词：防火幕  链条传动  节流阀  活塞

ABSTRACT
Stage machinery in order to affect a more perfect performance in order to lead the audience into a deeper realm of art used by the general term for all types of mechanical devices. Fire screen and stage is the stage when the case of fire, in the case of radio the whereabouts of their own, that is, in the case of fire in time to lay down their rapid fire screen, and they do not impact because of the decline is too large an impact on the stage, even damage of the stage. The reference design in recent years to upgrade the stage curtain and drop fire damping devices based on the development and design, through access to a large number of literature and its integration of the various agencies of the characteristics of a concrete analysis of the various agencies, raise the overall structure as well as the implementation of structural components of the design.
Upgrading and damping system is a key component of the fire curtain and the core technology. Its function is to power the screen under conventional body over to the Taiwan population, use of state power in the absence of rapid automatic face the fate of the stage. Free-fall as a result of inertia screen great body, the whereabouts of the course grade to decelerate in the shortest possible time can ensure they will not impact the isolation table in place. According to the given parameters related to the design calculation, calculate the exact decline time, acceleration, speed, etc., and according to the pressure and other hydraulic parameters to select the material, part model.
The characteristics of this paper is to increase the rate of decline of the mechanical and hydraulic damping system combined with an effective, through the piston movement in the hydraulic cylinder speed adjustment screen the speed of the body, and the piston velocity and on even in the next hydraulic cylinder controlled by the throttle, very good structure and the machinery connected to the hydraulic system. In machinery, primarily through the design of the screen to set the macro-body design and calculation speed in order to select the parameters of the various parts and components model.In the hydraulic side mainly by controlling the movement of the piston rod to control the descending speed of the body, and the piston speed is by the oil through the damp hole flow to control.
 
Key Words：Fire screen;  Chain drive;  Throttle valve; piston