设计简介
摘 要
换刀机械手在各种机床中应用十分广泛，是机床中的重要组成部件，换刀机械手关系到整个机床的运作。数控镗铣床是一种数字控制机床，装夹工件后能完成多种工序的加工。本文运用模块化思维一一设计出机械手升降机构的各个组成部件、驱动方法及控制方式。该升降机构由电动机、滚珠丝杠、导向柱、减速齿轮、螺旋副间隙调整垫以及无触点形成开关等构成。驱动方法为电动机驱动，由传感器控制机械手的升降运动。最后通过SolidWorks软件对换刀机械手升降机构做了零件三维建模并完成零件的装配。
关键词：数控镗铣床；换刀机械手；升降机构；SolidWorks
换刀机械手在各种机床中应用十分广泛，是机床中的重要组成部件，换刀机械手关系到整个机床的运作。数控镗铣床是一种数字控制机床，装夹工件后能完成多种工序的加工。本文运用模块化思维一一设计出机械手升降机构的各个组成部件、驱动方法及控制方式。该升降机构由电动机、滚珠丝杠、导向柱、减速齿轮、螺旋副间隙调整垫以及无触点形成开关等构成。驱动方法为电动机驱动，由传感器控制机械手的升降运动。最后通过SolidWorks软件对换刀机械手升降机构做了零件三维建模并完成零件的装配。
关键词：数控镗铣床；换刀机械手；升降机构；SolidWorks
ABSTRACT
Tool changers are widely used in a variety of machine tools, is an important component in the machine tool, tool changer related to the operation of the entire machine. In this paper, the design of the lifting mechanism of CNC boring and milling machine tool change is introduced in detail. CNC boring and milling machine is a digital control machine, after clamping the workpiece to complete a variety of processes. The lifting mechanism consists of an electric motor, a ball screw, a guide post, a reduction gear, a screw auxiliary clearance adjustment pad and a non-contact forming switch. The driving method is driven by the motor, and the sensor controls the movements of the manipulator. Finally, through the SolidWorks software on the tool changer lift mechanism to do parts three-dimensional modeling and complete the assembly of parts.
Key Words：CNC boring and milling machine；Tool changer；Lift mechanism；SolidWorks
Tool changers are widely used in a variety of machine tools, is an important component in the machine tool, tool changer related to the operation of the entire machine. In this paper, the design of the lifting mechanism of CNC boring and milling machine tool change is introduced in detail. CNC boring and milling machine is a digital control machine, after clamping the workpiece to complete a variety of processes. The lifting mechanism consists of an electric motor, a ball screw, a guide post, a reduction gear, a screw auxiliary clearance adjustment pad and a non-contact forming switch. The driving method is driven by the motor, and the sensor controls the movements of the manipulator. Finally, through the SolidWorks software on the tool changer lift mechanism to do parts three-dimensional modeling and complete the assembly of parts.
Key Words：CNC boring and milling machine；Tool changer；Lift mechanism；SolidWorks
目 录
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
1 绪论 1
1.1 课题研究背景目的及意义 1
1.2 目前研究的概况和发展趋势 2
1.2.1数控卧式镗铣床 2
1.2.2机械手 2
1.3 主要研究内容 4
2 机械手升降机构的总体方案设计 5
2.1 设计任务 5
2.2 设计步骤 5
2.3 主要设计内容 5
2.4总体方案确定 5
2.4.1 换刀机械手升降机构的驱动方案 5
2.5小结 6
3 升降机构的结构设计及尺寸计算 7
3.1 升降电机的选择 7
3.2 减速器齿轮的选用 8
3.2.1 齿轮材料的选择 8
3.2.2 按齿面接触硬度确定中心距 10
3.2.3 验算齿面接触疲劳强度 11
3.2.4 校核齿根弯度疲劳强度 13
3.2.5 齿轮主要几何参数 14
3.3 滚珠丝杠的选择 16
3.4 轴的确定 16
3.5 传感器的选择 17
3.5.1 光电传感器工作原理 17
3.5.2 光电传感器分类和工作方式 17
3.6小结 18
4 升降机构的三维建模 19
4.1 典型零件的三维建模 19
4.1.1 丝杠的三维建模 19
4.1.2 轴承的三维建模 24
4.3 小结 28
5 升降机构的装配 30
5.1 装配的基本步骤及装配模型 30
5.2 升降机构的装配 30
5.2.1 创建装配体 30
5.2.2 插入装配体零件 30
5.2.3 装配体零件的配合 31
5.3 装配体的静态干涉检查 34
5.4 小结 34
6 总结 35
