设计简介
摘 要
高位自卸汽车是专用自卸汽车一种，主要用于运输散装并可以散堆的货物（如沙、土、以及农作物等），还可用于运输成件的货物，主要服务于建材厂、矿山、工地等。高位自卸汽车主要装备有车厢举升和倾卸机构，特别适合高货台卸货作业，使用方便，具有高度机动性和卸货机械化的特点。
本文在绪论中阐述了高位自卸汽车改装设计的目的和意义、发展状况以及应用前景以及本次设计的主要内容和总体技术路线。接着分析论证了一种总质量为9t的高位自卸汽车的总体设计方案，对其二类底盘的选型分析、副车架的设计、举升机构、倾卸机构和后厢门开合机构都做了详细说明论述。还包括主要机构的方案分析和选择、运动分析、动力学分析以及强度和刚度的计算校核， 简单介绍了液压系统的设计计算方法和过程以及液压产品的选型。最后对改装完成后的高位自卸汽车进行了必要的动力性、燃油经济性和稳定性等主要整车性能的计算分析，计算记过表明整车性能满足要求。
关键词：专用车设计；高位自卸车；副车架；举升机构；总体布置
ABSTRACT
High dump truck is a private dump trucks, mainly for the transport of bulk and bulk cargo (such as sand, soil, and agricultural crops, and so on), can also be used to transport goods, main services in the building materials factory, mine, site etc. High dump truck mainly equipped with car lift and dump bodies, particularly suitable for high discharge of domestic jobs, easy to use, with a high degree of mobility and discharge characteristics of mechanization.
Outlined in the introduction to this article in the high purpose and significance of dump truck design modifications, development status and application prospect and the main content, and overall design of this technique. Then analysis demonstrates a total quality is 9t of high level design of dump truck, chassis selection analysis of second class, Vice-frame designs, lifting bodies, dump bodies and back door opening-closing mechanism, made a detailed exposition. Also includes analysis of the principal organs of the programmes and selected, movement analysis, dynamic analysis and calculation of strength and stiffness checking to briefly explain the calculation method for design of hydraulic system and process, and selection of hydraulic products. Last modified high dump truck after the completion of the necessary power, fuel economy and stability calculation of main performance analysis, calculation of demerit that performance to meet the requirements.
Keywords: Special Vehicle Design；High Tipper; Deputy Frame；Lift Mechanism； General Layout
目 录
摘要………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ高位自卸汽车是专用自卸汽车一种，主要用于运输散装并可以散堆的货物（如沙、土、以及农作物等），还可用于运输成件的货物，主要服务于建材厂、矿山、工地等。高位自卸汽车主要装备有车厢举升和倾卸机构，特别适合高货台卸货作业，使用方便，具有高度机动性和卸货机械化的特点。
本文在绪论中阐述了高位自卸汽车改装设计的目的和意义、发展状况以及应用前景以及本次设计的主要内容和总体技术路线。接着分析论证了一种总质量为9t的高位自卸汽车的总体设计方案，对其二类底盘的选型分析、副车架的设计、举升机构、倾卸机构和后厢门开合机构都做了详细说明论述。还包括主要机构的方案分析和选择、运动分析、动力学分析以及强度和刚度的计算校核， 简单介绍了液压系统的设计计算方法和过程以及液压产品的选型。最后对改装完成后的高位自卸汽车进行了必要的动力性、燃油经济性和稳定性等主要整车性能的计算分析，计算记过表明整车性能满足要求。
关键词：专用车设计；高位自卸车；副车架；举升机构；总体布置
ABSTRACT
High dump truck is a private dump trucks, mainly for the transport of bulk and bulk cargo (such as sand, soil, and agricultural crops, and so on), can also be used to transport goods, main services in the building materials factory, mine, site etc. High dump truck mainly equipped with car lift and dump bodies, particularly suitable for high discharge of domestic jobs, easy to use, with a high degree of mobility and discharge characteristics of mechanization.
Outlined in the introduction to this article in the high purpose and significance of dump truck design modifications, development status and application prospect and the main content, and overall design of this technique. Then analysis demonstrates a total quality is 9t of high level design of dump truck, chassis selection analysis of second class, Vice-frame designs, lifting bodies, dump bodies and back door opening-closing mechanism, made a detailed exposition. Also includes analysis of the principal organs of the programmes and selected, movement analysis, dynamic analysis and calculation of strength and stiffness checking to briefly explain the calculation method for design of hydraulic system and process, and selection of hydraulic products. Last modified high dump truck after the completion of the necessary power, fuel economy and stability calculation of main performance analysis, calculation of demerit that performance to meet the requirements.
Keywords: Special Vehicle Design；High Tipper; Deputy Frame；Lift Mechanism； General Layout
目 录
Abstract ………………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ
第1章 绪论……………………………………………………………………………1
1.1课题研究的目的及意义…………………………………………………………1
1.2 课题的国内外研究现状…………………………………………………………2
1.3 设计的主要内容及实施计划……………………………………………………3
1.3.1设计的主要内容……………………………………………………………3
1.3.2设计的技术路线……………………………………………………………4
第2章 总体设计…………………………………………………………………………5
2.1专用汽车总体布置原则…………………………………………………………5
2.2 二类底盘的选择…………………………………………………………………6
2.3车厢设计…………………………………………………………………………7
2.3.1车厢的结构形式……………………………………………………………7
2.3.2车厢的设计规范及尺寸选定………………………………………………8
2.3.3车厢重量的计算……………………………………………………………9
2.4 副车架的设计……………………………………………………………………10
2.4.1 副车架的截面形状及尺寸………………………………………………10
2.4.2 加强板的布置……………………………………………………………11
2.4.3 副车架的前端形状及安装位置……………………………………………11
2.4.4 纵梁与横梁的连接设计……………………………………………………13
2.4.5 副车架与主车架的连接设计………………………………………………14
2.5质量参数的确定…………………………………………………………………15
2.5.1额定装载质量………………………………………………………………15
2.5.2整车整备质量………………………………………………………………15
2.5.3总质量Ma…………………………………………………………………15
2.6本章小结…………………………………………………………………………15
第3章 主要机构及零件设计…………………………………………………………163.1高位举升机构的设计计算………………………………………………………16
3.1.1剪式高位自卸汽车的设计分析……………………………………………16
3.1.2 L式高位自卸汽车的设计分析……………………………………………18
3.1.3论证方案……………………………………………………………………18
3.2 L型举升机构的运动分析及主要参数的确定…………………………………19
3.2.1举升油缸和同步油缸主要参数确定………………………………………19
3.2.2举升杠杆的受力分析………………………………………………………20
3.2.3高位举升和倾卸机构的受力分析…………………………………………21
3.2.4举升杠杆的校核……………………………………………………………22
3.3倾卸机构设计……………………………………………………………………25
3.4最大举升角的确定………………………………………………………………27
3.5 本章小结…………………………………………………………………………28
第4章 液压系统的设计……………………………………………………………30
4.1举升油缸与同步油缸的设计计算………………………………………………30
4.2油缸主要参数的确定及选择……………………………………………………31
4.2.1液压系统压力的确定………………………………………………………32
4.2.2液压系统的最大流量确定…………………………………………………33
4.2.3液压控制系统………………………………………………………………33
4.3本章小结…………………………………………………………………………35
第5章 整车性能计算分析…………………………………………………………36
5.1动力性计算………………………………………………………………………36
5.1.1发动机外特性………………………………………………………………36
5.1.2汽车的行驶方程式…………………………………………………………38
5.1.3动力性评价指标的计算……………………………………………………41
5.1.4高位自卸汽车整车动力性计算……………………………………………43
5.2燃油经济性计算…………………………………………………………………46
5.3高位自卸汽车稳定性计算………………………………………………………47
5.4高位自卸汽车运输状态稳定性计算……………………………………………47
5.5高位自卸汽车卸货时稳定性计算………………………………………………48
5.6 本章小结…………………………………………………………………………49
结论………………………………………………………………………………………50
