设计简介
摘 要
城市客车是市民出行的首选，在各个城市中承担着人口流动的任务，应用广泛，数量众多。同时城市客车的运行工况特殊，城市中信号灯多，站点之间距离短，运行路线固定，城市客车频繁的起步，加速，制动，怠速时间长，平均运行速度低。由于汽车设计时需要满足最高行驶车速和最大爬坡度等动力性要求，需要装备大功率发动机，使得城市客车经常处于功率过剩状态，造成了严重的能源浪费和环境污染。
油电混合动力汽车融合了传统燃油汽车和纯电动汽车的优点，具有传统内燃机车动力性好和电动汽车清洁环保的特点，能够有效的降低能源消耗，减少污染排放，具有重要的研究意义。
关键词：混合动力；并联；城市客车；人机工程学
ABSTRACT
City bus is the first choice of the public, bearing the task of the movement of the population. City bus is widely used and the number is large. The using condition of city bus is special, there are many signal lights, short distance between sites ,fixed routes, frequently starting, accelerating, braking, long idle time, low average speed and so on. As the vehicle needs to meet the requirement of the highest speed and maximum climbing degree while designing, usually a high-power engine is equipped, making the city bus in power surplus state, resulting in a serious energy waste and environment pollution.
Hybrid electric vehicle combines the traditional fuel vehicles and pure electric vehicles advantages effectively reduce energy consumption and reduce emissions. It is meaningful to study on hybrid vehicles.
Key words: Hybrid; Parallel; City Bus; Ergonomic
目 录
摘要……………………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ城市客车是市民出行的首选，在各个城市中承担着人口流动的任务，应用广泛，数量众多。同时城市客车的运行工况特殊，城市中信号灯多，站点之间距离短，运行路线固定，城市客车频繁的起步，加速，制动，怠速时间长，平均运行速度低。由于汽车设计时需要满足最高行驶车速和最大爬坡度等动力性要求，需要装备大功率发动机，使得城市客车经常处于功率过剩状态，造成了严重的能源浪费和环境污染。
油电混合动力汽车融合了传统燃油汽车和纯电动汽车的优点，具有传统内燃机车动力性好和电动汽车清洁环保的特点，能够有效的降低能源消耗，减少污染排放，具有重要的研究意义。
关键词：混合动力；并联；城市客车；人机工程学
ABSTRACT
City bus is the first choice of the public, bearing the task of the movement of the population. City bus is widely used and the number is large. The using condition of city bus is special, there are many signal lights, short distance between sites ,fixed routes, frequently starting, accelerating, braking, long idle time, low average speed and so on. As the vehicle needs to meet the requirement of the highest speed and maximum climbing degree while designing, usually a high-power engine is equipped, making the city bus in power surplus state, resulting in a serious energy waste and environment pollution.
Hybrid electric vehicle combines the traditional fuel vehicles and pure electric vehicles advantages effectively reduce energy consumption and reduce emissions. It is meaningful to study on hybrid vehicles.
Key words: Hybrid; Parallel; City Bus; Ergonomic
目 录
Abstract ……………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ
第1章 绪论…………………………………………………………………………1
1.1选题的背景和意义…………………………………………………………1
1.2国内外研究动态………………………………………………………………2
1.3 研究内容与方法……………………………………………………………3
第2章 混合动力城市客车驱动系统选型…………………………………4
2.1 混合动力客车的分类 ………………………………………………………4
2.1.1 串联式混合动力城市客车 …………………………………………4
2.1.2 并联式混合动力城市客车 ………………………………………5
2.1.3 混联式混合动力城市客车 …………………………………………6
2.2混合动力城市客车驱动系统的选择…………………………………………7
2.2.1混合动力城市客车动力系统对比……………………………………7
2.2.2混合动力系统结构选型依据…………………………………………9
2.3本章小结……………………………………………………………………10
第3章 混合动力城市客车动力系统设计……………………………………11
3.1动力系统参数计算…………………………………………………………11
3.1.1驱动电机的选择……………………………………………………11
3.1.2动力电池的选择……………………………………………………13
3.2发动机的选择………………………………………………………………15
3.3本章小结……………………………………………………………………16
第4章 混合动力城市客车动力混合器的设计………………………………17
4.1动力混合器的作用 …………………………………………………………17
4.2动力混合器的设计…………………………………………………………17
4.1.1齿轮几何参数的计算……………………………………………18
4.1.2齿轮的校核……………………………………………………20
4.3本章小结……………………………………………………………………21
第5章 基于人机工程学的驾驶区布置………………………………………22
5.1人机工程学………………………………………………………………22
5.2二维人体模板的结构…………………………………………………22
5.3人体尺寸………………………………………………………………23
5.3.1人体主要尺寸………………………………………………………23
5.3.2人体水平尺寸………………………………………………………23
5.4本章小结……………………………………………………………………25
第6章 整车经济性计算…………………………………………………………26
6.1燃油经济性的评价指标……………………………………………………26
6.2燃油经济性的计算…………………………………………………………27
6.3本章小结……………………………………………………………………29
结论………………………………………………………………………………30
参考文献 …………………………………………………………………………31
致谢……………………………………………………………………………………33
