摘  要

电梯的曳引机主要是由曳引绳、电动机、减速器、曳引轮、制动器和联轴器组成。其中对曳引机的设计重点是减速器的选择和箱体零件的设计根据电梯运行的速度和载荷来选用电动机和制动器。减速器选择的是蜗杆减速器，轴承是调心滚子轴承，联轴器选择的是弹性柱销联轴器。
减速器是设计的主体部分，要根据电动机的转速、电梯的运行速度、曳引轮的直径等参数设计减速器。电梯是利用曳引钢丝绳与曳引轮缘上绳槽的摩擦力传递动力，所以必须设计表面摩擦系数大且耐磨的曳引轮。选用刚性联轴器，保证传递的动力，但要求两轴的对中度较高。本设计运用机械设计中机械传动装置的设计原理,完成电梯曳引机的传动方案的设计，完成减速箱结构的设计，并利用三维建模仿真软件对减速箱的零件进行三维建模并进行虚拟装配和运动仿真分析。
关键词：电梯；曳引机；组成；设计；减速器

Abstract

Elevator tractor is mainly composed of a traction rope, motor, reducer, a traction wheel, brake and coupling. Focusing on the design of the traction machine is the design of speed reducer selection and body parts to use motor and brake according to the speed and load of elevator running. Reducer is the choice of worm reducer, bearing is spherical roller bearings, couplings of choice is elastic pin coupling.
The speed reducer is the main part of the design, according to the diameter parameter design of motor speed, speed, elevator traction wheel reducer. The elevator is the use of wire rope traction and the traction wheel friction rope slot to transmit power, so we must design surface friction coefficient and wear resistance of the traction wheel. The rigid coupling, ensure power transfer, but requires two to moderately higher. This design is designed according to the principle of mechanical design device, complete the design of transmission scheme of elevator traction machine, complete the design of the reducer box structure, and 3D modeling of gear box parts and the analysis of virtual assembly and motion simulation with 3D modeling and simulation software.
 
Key Words:  Elevator traction machine; composition; design; reducer;