摘要

数控机床即数字程序控制机床，是一种自动化机床，数控技术是数控机床研究的核心，是制造业实现自动化、网络化、柔性化、集成化的基础。随着制造技术的发展，现代数控机床借助现代设计技术、工序集约化和新的功能部件使机床的加工范围、动态性能、加工精度和可靠性有了极大的提高。
本设计是对Φ630MM数控车床主要进行尾座设计。液压尾座设计的主要内容是尾座体、套筒、顶尖、尾座孔系、尾座导轨，挠度、转角、液压缸内径及压板处螺栓直径、锁紧力的计算及校核。其中选择莫氏4号锥度的尾座顶尖，是利用莫氏锥度自身的结构特性来卡紧尾座顶尖的，它解决了顶尖在工作时会出现松动或转动现象。在套筒中设计了滑键槽和顶尖顶出孔，解决了顶尖在工作时会随套筒转动从而影响工件的加工精度；还在套筒中设计了顶卸的装置，便于顶尖的拆卸。
 
关键词：数控车床，数控，液压尾座

Abstract

NC machine tool is the digital process control machine tool, is an automated machine tools, CNC technology is the core of numerical control machine tool research, is the manufacturing industry that realizes the automation, network, flexible, integrated foundation. With the development of manufacturing technology, modern CNC machine tools with the aid of the modern design technology, process intensification and the new function part make machine processing range, dynamic performance, the processing precision and reliability are greatly improved.
The design of Φ630MM lathe numerical control transformation. Hydraulic tailstock design are the main contents of the tailstock body, sleeve, top, tailstock hole of tailstock guideways, deflection angle,,, inner diameter of the cylinder and the pressure plate, the diameter of the bolt locking force calculation and verification. The choice of Morse No. 4 taper of tailstock center, is the use of Morse taper their structural properties to clamp the tailstock top, which solves the problem of the top in the job will appear when loosening or rotation phenomenon. In the sleeve design of slide key groove and the top spire hole, resolved the top when working with the sleeve to rotate so as to influence the machining precision of the workpiece; still sleeve design top unloading device for removing, top.
Key words: CNC lathe, CNC, hydraulic tailstock