摘  要

LED点阵显示屏作为一种新兴的显示器件,是由多个独立的LED发光二极管封装而成. LED点阵显示屏可以显示数字或符号, 通常用来显示时间、速度、系统状态等。
本设计是一16×16点阵LED电子显示屏的设计。整机以美国ATMEL 公司生产的40脚单片机AT89C51为核心，介绍了以它为控制系统的LED点阵电子显示屏的动态设计和开发过程。通过该芯片控制一个行驱动器74HC154和两个列驱动器74HC595来驱动显示屏显示。该电子显示屏可以显示各种文字或单色图像，全屏能显示1个汉字，采用4块8 x 8点阵LED显示模块来组成16×16点阵显示模式。显示采用动态显示，使得图形或文字能够实现静止、移入移出等多种显示方式。文中详细介绍了LED点阵显示的硬件设计思路、硬件电路各个部分的功能及原理、相应软件的程序设计，以及使用说明等。
单片机控制系统程序采用单片机汇编语言进行编辑，通过编程控制各显示点对应LED阳极和阴极端的电平，就可以有效的控制各显示点的亮灭。所显示字符的点阵数据可以自行编写（即直接点阵画图），也可从标准字库中提取。
LED显示以其组构方式灵活、显示稳定、功耗低、寿命长、技术成熟、成本低廉等特点在车站、证券所、运动场馆、交通干道及各种室内/外显示场合的信息发布，公益宣传，环境参数实时，重大活动倒计时等等得到广泛的应用。
 
关键词：AT89C51,单片机,LED,点阵显示,动态显示
 
 

Abstract

     As a popular display device component, LED dot-matrix display board consists of several independent LED (Light Emitting Diode). The LED dot-matrix display board can display the number or sign, and it is usually used to show time, speed, the state of system etc.  
The whole equipment is with the 40-pin AT89C51 MCU (Micro Controller Unit) produced by the American ATMEL company at the core, introduced take it as the control system LED lattice electron display monitor dynamic design and the development process. Controls good driver 74HC154 and two row driver 74HC595 through this chip actuates the display monitor demonstration. The electronic screen can show all kinds of written or monochrome images, one full screen display Chinese characters, four pieces of 8 x 8 dot-matrix LED display modules to form the 16x16 dot matrix display mode. Show dynamic show that makes static graphic or text can be achieved, shifted out of various formats. This paper describes the hardware design of the LED dot matrix display, and the principle function of the various parts of the circuit, the corresponding software program design and the use of some such.
SCM process control system used for editing MCU assembly language, Programming control points indicated by the corresponding LED anode and overcast extreme level. We can effectively control the defense showed bright spots. The lattice data shows characters can prepare themselves (that is, direct lattice Painting), which can also be extracted from the standard font.
LED display with fabric means flexibility, stability, low power consumption, long life, mature technology, low-cost features at the station, securities, sports venues, transportation corridors and various indoor / dissemination of information on foreign shows occasions, good publicity, real-time environmental parameters, etc. countdown major activities are widely used.
 
Key words:AT89C51 ,Micro Controller Unit, LED ,Lattice Display, Dynamic Display

目  录

摘  要 I
Abstract II
目  录 III
第一章 绪论 5
1.1问题的提出 5
1.2课题背景 5
1.3 LED的定义和特点 9
1.4 LED简介 10
第二章 课题任务 12
第三章 硬件设计 13
3.1设计框图及介绍 13
3.2 稳压电源的设计 14
3.2.1 稳压电源原理 14
3.2.2 稳压电源技术指标 16
3.3 单片机系统及外围电路 16
3.3.1 单片机的选择 16
3.3.2  AT89C51芯片简介 17
3.3.3  单片机系统外围电路 20
3.4 列驱动电路 21
3.4.1 74HC595芯片简介 21
3.4.2列驱动电路的构成 24
3.5 行驱动电路 25
3.5.1 74HC154芯片简介 25
3.5.2  行驱动电路原理 26
3.6点阵LED电子显示屏电路 27
3.6.1  LED点阵介绍 28
3.6.2 LED显示方式 29
3.6.3 点阵的移动 33
3.6.4 点阵颜色的转换 38
3.6.5  LED阵列驱动电路 38
总 结 52
附录 55
 
 
 
        

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