设计简介
摘要
齿轮泵是液压系统中最重要的动力源,在液压传动系统中应用广泛，其主要部件是内部相互啮合的一对齿轮。现代机械工程对齿轮泵提出很多新要求，如压强高、排量大、脉动低、噪音低等，所以对齿轮泵的性能分析与改进成为了很重要的课题。本课题以齿轮泵为研究对象，总结了齿轮泵的特点，深入研究了齿轮泵整体结构及其原理，并利用UG三维建模软件对其进行实体建模，对齿轮泵的流量特征、径向啮合力进行理论分析和数值计算，为齿轮泵的设计提供必要的理论依据。研究了多种齿轮泵的齿廓类型，并推导出这些齿廓线方程。最后学习了流体动力学相关的基础理论知识，利用UG进行三维建模并装配仿真，并比较不同齿廓分析后的结果，分别计算了齿轮泵齿间区的流量、齿轮啮合区域的流量，最后就得到了齿轮泵的流量。在时间和转速确定的情况下，得到齿轮泵的流速。外啮合齿轮泵的结构对其内部的流场有很大的影响，采用fluent有限元法求解计算模型，就不同齿廓的变化特点进行对比，可以得出每种类型齿廓的相应的优缺点，从而得出最优的分析结果并在此基础上改进设计出新的齿廓线。
本文对齿轮泵的输出特性研究，推到出齿廓线方程，在相同的转速下，比较不同齿廓的分析结果，渐开线齿廓在齿轮泵中的增压效果最好，并提出一些优化方案。
关键词：齿轮泵；齿廓；输出特性；三维建模
Abstract
Gear pump is the most important source of power in the hydraulic system, widely used in the hydraulic drive system, therefore and its main components are a pair of gears meshing with each other by the internal。Modern mechanical engineering have made a lot of new requirements to gear pump ,such as high pressure, large displacement, low ripple and low noise, Performance Analysis and Improvement of the gear pump has become a very important issue.The topics to gear pump for the study, summed up the characteristics of the gear pump, in-depth study of the overall structure and principle of the gear pump and UG three-dimensional modeling software, solid modeling, the flow characteristics of the gear pump, theoretical analysis and numerical calculation of the radial direction meshing force of radial direction, to provide the necessary theoretical basis for the design of gear pump. A variety of the type tooth profile of the gear pump and derive the equations of these tooth profile. Finally learn the basic theoretical knowledge of fluid dynamics, using UG three-dimensional modeling and assembly simulation, and comparison results of different tooth profile analysis were calculated flow rate of the area of the interdental, gear meshing area of flow of the gear pumpthe, and finally got the flow of the gear pump. In the case of time and speed determined to obtain flow rate of the gear pump. Structure of the external gear pump has a great influence on its internal flow field, using the fluent finite element method for solving the calculation model, comparison of the changes in the characteristics of the different tooth profile can be drawn from the corresponding advantages and disadvantages of each type of tooth profileto arrive at the best results of the analysis to improve the design of a new tooth profile on this basis.
The output characteristics of the gear pump onto the tooth profile equation and finally the theory of fluid dynamics, in the same speed, different tooth profile analysis result of that the best of booster effect is involute line tooth profile of the gear pump, and put forward some optimization program of it.
Keywords: gear pump; tooth profile; output characteristics; 3 d modeling
目录
1 绪论 1
1.1 齿轮泵的研究内容及意义 1
1.2 齿轮泵国内外的发展概况 1
2 齿轮泵的设计及校核 4
2.1 齿轮的理论知识 4
2.2 齿轮泵相关知识 5
2.3 齿轮泵的参数选择原则 6
2.3.1 泵齿轮参数对齿轮泵性能的影响 6
2.3.2 泵齿轮参数对齿轮泵轴承负载的影响 6
2.3.3 泵齿轮参数对流量脉动的影响 6
2.3.4 泵齿轮参数对齿轮泵效率的影响 7
2.3.5 泵齿轮参数对齿轮泵噪音、振动的影响 7
2.3.6 最佳泵齿轮参数选取原则 8
2.4 最佳泵齿轮参数的选择 9
2.5 齿轮的计算和校核 9
2.5.1 主要技术参数 9
2.5.2 设计计算的内容 9
2.5.3 校核 13
2.6卸荷槽的计算 17
2.7 泵体的校核 18
2.8 滑动轴承的计算 18
2.9 联轴器的选择及校核计算 21
2.9.1 联轴器的选择 21
2.9.2 轴的强度计算 22
2.10 连接螺栓的选择与校核 24
2.11 齿轮泵进出口大小确定 25
2.12 齿轮泵的密封 25
2.13 法兰的选择 25
2.14 键的选择 25
2.15 挡圈的选择 26
3 齿轮泵的工作原理及三维建模 27
3.1 外啮合液压齿轮泵的工作原理 27
3.2 齿轮泵分类、用途、应用范围 28
3.2.1 齿轮泵的分类 28
3.2.2 齿轮泵的用途及应用范围 28
3.3 齿轮泵的三维建模 28
3.3.1 齿轮泵的三维建模和装配 28
3.4 齿轮泵装配中需注意的问题 32
3.4.1 齿轮泵的端面间隙问题 32
3.4.2 齿轮轴上大齿轮的传动问题 32
3.5 UG设计齿轮泵的优势 32
3.5.1 齿轮参数的优化设计 33
3.5.2 参数化生成齿轮模型 36
3.5.3 有限元（FEA）分析 38
4 齿轮泵的优化 39
4.1 外啮合齿轮的参数选择与设计 39
4.1.1 参数的确定 39
4.1.2 设计的步骤 39
4.2 困油及卸荷措施 40
5 结论与展望 42
5.1 课题总结 42
5.2 课题展望 42
致谢 43
参考文献 44
