设计简介
前 言
核桃，是人们常见的食物。它营养丰富，具有健脑、补肾、美容、降血脂四大功效。核桃和核桃仁还是我国传统的出口商品。但是，由于核桃壳坚硬，手工剥核极其不便而且费时费力。因此，提高核桃取仁的机械化程度，是生产过程中急需解决的问题。鉴于此，本设计根据以往的研究与资料，提出了弧板—滚筒式核桃破壳原理，研制了核桃破壳机。本机能完美的解决核桃难剥核和人工剥核不能保证仁的完全性难题，且又有较高的生产率和较高的高路仁率。
本次设计采用常见的电机作动力源，利用V带传递功率。利用轴旋转带动滚筒的转动，利用气缸实现破壳，从而使机器能够连续的工作，大大提高了生产率。
目录
1在国内（外）研究现状及分析·······································1
1.1坚果类破壳机现状··············································1
1.1.1坚果类破壳机常见的机械脱壳方法 ································1
1.1.2新型核桃脱壳方法·············································1
1.1.3几种典型的坚果类破壳机·······································2
1.2对坚果类破壳机械未来展望分析···································2
2破壳机设计的目的、意义···········································3
3弧板-滚筒式破壳机工作原理········································3
3.1破壳机的总体装配思路··········································4
4气动装置的选取···················································4
5弧板-滚筒式核桃破壳机的设计·····································5
5.1电动机的选择·················································5
6带及设计··················································5
6.1传动带的设计·············································6
6.1.1确定计算功率················································6
6.1.2选择V带的型号·············································6
6.1.3确定带轮的基准直径···········································6
6.1.4确定传动中心距和带长·········································6
6.1.5验算主动轮上的包角···········································7
6.1.6确定V带的根数·············································7
6.1.7确定带的初拉力···············································7
6.1.8求V带传动作用在轴上的压力····································8
7V带带轮的设计····················································8
7.1带轮的材料选择···············································8
7.2结构设计·····················································8
7.3 从动带轮的设计················································9
8传动轴的设计·····················································9
8.1根据轴向定位的要求确定轴的各段直径和长度·························10
8.2初步选择输出轴系··············································10
8.3确定输出轴上的圆角半径······································10
8.4 按弯扭合成条件校核轴的强度·····································11
8.4.1求输出轴上的所受作用力的大小··································11
8.4.2求滚筒上所受的的合力·········································11
8.4.3轴上水平面内所受支反力如图···································11
8.4.4轴在垂直面内所受的支反力·····································11
8.4.5作弯矩图···················································12
8.4.6轴的载荷分析················································12
8.4.7当量弯矩计算················································12
8.5 校核轴的强度·················································13
9入料斗的结构设计···············································13
10滚筒的设计····················································13
11轴承端盖······················································14
12气缸撞击装置················································14
13影响核桃破壳的因素··········································14
13.1核桃的性质···············································14
13.1.2核桃饱满程度和均匀度····································14
13.1.3核桃的湿度要适中········································15
13.1.4破壳板的硬度···········································15
13.2 喂料速度对破壳效果的影响··································15
14结论························································16
14.1本课题所完成的工作········································16
14.2需要重点研究的、关键的问题及解决的思路·······················16
14.2.1目前核桃破壳取仁机械存在的主要问题························16
15致谢························································17
16参考文献····················································
核桃，是人们常见的食物。它营养丰富，具有健脑、补肾、美容、降血脂四大功效。核桃和核桃仁还是我国传统的出口商品。但是，由于核桃壳坚硬，手工剥核极其不便而且费时费力。因此，提高核桃取仁的机械化程度，是生产过程中急需解决的问题。鉴于此，本设计根据以往的研究与资料，提出了弧板—滚筒式核桃破壳原理，研制了核桃破壳机。本机能完美的解决核桃难剥核和人工剥核不能保证仁的完全性难题，且又有较高的生产率和较高的高路仁率。
本次设计采用常见的电机作动力源，利用V带传递功率。利用轴旋转带动滚筒的转动，利用气缸实现破壳，从而使机器能够连续的工作，大大提高了生产率。
目录
1在国内（外）研究现状及分析·······································1
1.1坚果类破壳机现状··············································1
1.1.1坚果类破壳机常见的机械脱壳方法 ································1
1.1.2新型核桃脱壳方法·············································1
1.1.3几种典型的坚果类破壳机·······································2
1.2对坚果类破壳机械未来展望分析···································2
2破壳机设计的目的、意义···········································3
3弧板-滚筒式破壳机工作原理········································3
3.1破壳机的总体装配思路··········································4
4气动装置的选取···················································4
5弧板-滚筒式核桃破壳机的设计·····································5
5.1电动机的选择·················································5
6带及设计··················································5
6.1传动带的设计·············································6
6.1.1确定计算功率················································6
6.1.2选择V带的型号·············································6
6.1.3确定带轮的基准直径···········································6
6.1.4确定传动中心距和带长·········································6
6.1.5验算主动轮上的包角···········································7
6.1.6确定V带的根数·············································7
6.1.7确定带的初拉力···············································7
6.1.8求V带传动作用在轴上的压力····································8
7V带带轮的设计····················································8
7.1带轮的材料选择···············································8
7.2结构设计·····················································8
7.3 从动带轮的设计················································9
8传动轴的设计·····················································9
8.1根据轴向定位的要求确定轴的各段直径和长度·························10
8.2初步选择输出轴系··············································10
8.3确定输出轴上的圆角半径······································10
8.4 按弯扭合成条件校核轴的强度·····································11
8.4.1求输出轴上的所受作用力的大小··································11
8.4.2求滚筒上所受的的合力·········································11
8.4.3轴上水平面内所受支反力如图···································11
8.4.4轴在垂直面内所受的支反力·····································11
8.4.5作弯矩图···················································12
8.4.6轴的载荷分析················································12
8.4.7当量弯矩计算················································12
8.5 校核轴的强度·················································13
9入料斗的结构设计···············································13
10滚筒的设计····················································13
11轴承端盖······················································14
12气缸撞击装置················································14
13影响核桃破壳的因素··········································14
13.1核桃的性质···············································14
13.1.2核桃饱满程度和均匀度····································14
13.1.3核桃的湿度要适中········································15
13.1.4破壳板的硬度···········································15
13.2 喂料速度对破壳效果的影响··································15
14结论························································16
14.1本课题所完成的工作········································16
14.2需要重点研究的、关键的问题及解决的思路·······················16
14.2.1目前核桃破壳取仁机械存在的主要问题························16
15致谢························································17
16参考文献····················································
