设计简介
摘要：飞行模拟转台是航空航天仿真试验的重要设备之一，近年来仿真技术的发展对飞行模拟转台提出了更高的要求，同时也促进和飞行模拟转台的开发。飞行模拟转台是具有重大经济价值和国防战略意义的高精尖实验设备，它是在实验室条件下模拟飞行器或导弹在空中飞行姿态半实物仿真的有力工具，它和目标发生装置组合在一起模拟导弹跟踪目标的过程，可以真实地模拟出导弹等飞行器在空间的各种姿态和动力学特性，从而对其传感器件、控制系统和执行机构等硬件设备的性能加以测试和评价，为飞行器的研制、改进和再设计提供各种参考依据。它的性能指标直接关系到飞行仿真结果的逼真度。随着当前国际形势的日益严峻和我国现代军事技术的不断发展，对模拟转台的精度要求不断提高。作为一种高精度的运动仿真设备，其台体动态特性直接影响到转台动态仿真的可靠程度。在设计阶段对机械台体进行动态特性分析和优化设计，尤其是对框架等结构支撑部件的动态特性研究和结构优化设计十分重要。本文主要介绍液压模拟转台，包括设计特点和主要性能，并对主要指标的测试情况作了简单介绍和分析。
关键词：飞行模拟转台 航空航天 仿真
Abstract: flight simulation turntable is aerospace simulation experiment is one of the important equipment in recent years, the development of simulation technology for flight simulation turntable is put forward higher request, but also promote the development and flight simulation turntable. Flying simulation turntable is significant economic value and significance of defense strategy, it is exquisite experiment equipment in the laboratory conditions simulated flying in the air or missile flight hardware-in-the-loop simulation, it is a powerful tool and plant together to simulate the process of missile tracking, can truly simulate flying in space of missile etc all sorts of attitude and dynamic characteristics of the sensor, thus, control system and enforcement agencies and other hardware equipment performance test and evaluation, the development and improvement for vehicle and is designed to provide all kinds of reference. It is directly related to the performance index of fidelity flying simulation results. With the current international situation and the increasingly serious in modern military technology unceasing development, the accuracy of simulation turntable is improving. As a kind of precision motion simulation equipment, the dynamic characteristics of the machine body directly affect the reliability of the dynamic simulation turntable. In the design phase of mechanical machine body dynamic analysis and optimal design of frame structure, especially the dynamic characteristics of the study supported components and structure optimization design is very important. This paper mainly introduces the hydraulic simulation turntable, including the design characteristic and main performance, and the main indexes of tests are introduced and analyzed.
Keywords: flight simulation turntable aerospace simulation
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 选题的依据及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究概况及发展趋势 1
2 机械结构与液压传动系统设计
2.1 升降系统结构分析 2
2.1.1液压缸结构 2
2.1.2液压缸零部件分析 5
2.1.3油缸的壁厚校验 7
2.2 传动系统结构分析与计算 8
2.2.1电动机的选择 8
2.2.2计算各轴的转距及尺寸设计与校核 10
2.2.3键的选择与校核 13
2.2.4皮带的选择 14
2.3 液压系统分析 17
2.3.1液压系统 17
2.3.2液压泵与电动机的选择 18
3 单片机控制系统设计
3.1 单片机的选用及功能介绍 20
3.2 片外存储器功能简介 20
3.3 显示与键盘部分设计 22
3.4 交流异步电动机变频调速系统 24
3.4.1交流异步电动机变频调速原理 24
3.4.2主电路和逆变电路工作原理 25
3.4.3变频与变压 27
3.4.4电动机与单片机的接口 29
3.5 位移和转速检测部分的设计 31
3.5.1位移检测传感器和转速检测传感器的选用 31
3.5.2光栅位移和转速传感器与单片机的接口设计 31
4 系统的PID控制算法
4.1 工作平台位置的推导 35
4.2 工作台输出传递函数的确定 36
4.3 PID控制原理 37
4.4 数字PID控制算法 38
4.4.1位置式PID控制算法 39
4.4.2增量式PID控制算法 39
4.5 智能自适应PID控制器 40
5 系统模拟仿真
5.1 SIMULINK概述 43
5.2 SIMULINK的窗口和菜单 43
5.3 用SIMUINK创建模型 45
5.4 用SIMULINK进行系统仿真与分析 45
5.4.1建立控制系统模型 45
5.4.2系统模块参数设置与仿真参数设置 46
5.4.3系统仿真与分析 47
结 论 51
参考文献 52
致 谢 53
关键词：飞行模拟转台 航空航天 仿真
Abstract: flight simulation turntable is aerospace simulation experiment is one of the important equipment in recent years, the development of simulation technology for flight simulation turntable is put forward higher request, but also promote the development and flight simulation turntable. Flying simulation turntable is significant economic value and significance of defense strategy, it is exquisite experiment equipment in the laboratory conditions simulated flying in the air or missile flight hardware-in-the-loop simulation, it is a powerful tool and plant together to simulate the process of missile tracking, can truly simulate flying in space of missile etc all sorts of attitude and dynamic characteristics of the sensor, thus, control system and enforcement agencies and other hardware equipment performance test and evaluation, the development and improvement for vehicle and is designed to provide all kinds of reference. It is directly related to the performance index of fidelity flying simulation results. With the current international situation and the increasingly serious in modern military technology unceasing development, the accuracy of simulation turntable is improving. As a kind of precision motion simulation equipment, the dynamic characteristics of the machine body directly affect the reliability of the dynamic simulation turntable. In the design phase of mechanical machine body dynamic analysis and optimal design of frame structure, especially the dynamic characteristics of the study supported components and structure optimization design is very important. This paper mainly introduces the hydraulic simulation turntable, including the design characteristic and main performance, and the main indexes of tests are introduced and analyzed.
Keywords: flight simulation turntable aerospace simulation
目 录
1 绪论
1.1 选题的依据及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究概况及发展趋势 1
2 机械结构与液压传动系统设计
2.1 升降系统结构分析 2
2.1.1液压缸结构 2
2.1.2液压缸零部件分析 5
2.1.3油缸的壁厚校验 7
2.2 传动系统结构分析与计算 8
2.2.1电动机的选择 8
2.2.2计算各轴的转距及尺寸设计与校核 10
2.2.3键的选择与校核 13
2.2.4皮带的选择 14
2.3 液压系统分析 17
2.3.1液压系统 17
2.3.2液压泵与电动机的选择 18
3 单片机控制系统设计
3.1 单片机的选用及功能介绍 20
3.2 片外存储器功能简介 20
3.3 显示与键盘部分设计 22
3.4 交流异步电动机变频调速系统 24
3.4.1交流异步电动机变频调速原理 24
3.4.2主电路和逆变电路工作原理 25
3.4.3变频与变压 27
3.4.4电动机与单片机的接口 29
3.5 位移和转速检测部分的设计 31
3.5.1位移检测传感器和转速检测传感器的选用 31
3.5.2光栅位移和转速传感器与单片机的接口设计 31
4 系统的PID控制算法
4.1 工作平台位置的推导 35
4.2 工作台输出传递函数的确定 36
4.3 PID控制原理 37
4.4 数字PID控制算法 38
4.4.1位置式PID控制算法 39
4.4.2增量式PID控制算法 39
4.5 智能自适应PID控制器 40
5 系统模拟仿真
5.1 SIMULINK概述 43
5.2 SIMULINK的窗口和菜单 43
5.3 用SIMUINK创建模型 45
5.4 用SIMULINK进行系统仿真与分析 45
5.4.1建立控制系统模型 45
5.4.2系统模块参数设置与仿真参数设置 46
5.4.3系统仿真与分析 47
结 论 51
参考文献 52
致 谢 53
